https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9132-4531
E-mail: moldanov@gmail.com Tel.: + 7 (3467) 33-29-64
10, Gagarin str., Khanty-Mansiysk, 628011, Russian Federation
PhD in History, Director, District School of Bear Ceremony, District House of Folk Art
Anna A. Grinevich
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-8387
E-mail: annazor@mail.ru Tel.: + 7 (383) 330-14-52
8, Nikolaev str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
PhD in Philology, Senior Researcher, Department of Folklore of the Peoples of Siberia, Institute of Philology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
This article offers a view of the supernatural forest beings of Khanty mythology in the light of the opposition between “freind” and “foe” in reference to the community of human beings. The entities most remote from people are the most hostile and least like humans (the Wөnt ut, Meŋk, Jali). The greater the involvement of a supernatural being in people’s lives, the more similar it appears to humans and the more benevolent toward them (the Miš jоχ). This demonstrates the connection between ethical attitudes and ideas about supernatural beings that sets social and environmental standards for the human community
Campbell C. (1996) Half-Belief and the Paradox of Ritual Instrumental Activism: A Theory of Modern Superstition. The British Journal of Sociology. 1996. Vol. 47. No. 1 (Mar.). Pp. 151–166. In English.
Gershman B. (2022) Witchcraft Beliefs Around the World: An Exploratory Analysis. PLoS ONE. 2022. No. 17 (11). URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal. pone.0276872 (accessed: 23.04.2022). In English.
Glavatskaya E. M. (2005) Religioznye traditsii khantov. XVII–XX vv. [Religious Traditions of the Khanty. Seventeenth — Twentieth Centuries]. Yekaterinburg; Salekhard: RA ARTmedia. In Russian.
Grinevich A. A. (2021) Poeticheskie konstanty pesen medvezh’ego prazdnika kazymskikh khantov
[Poetic Constants in Songs of the Kazym Khanty Bear Festival]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. In Russian.
Ivanov V. V., Toporov V. N. (1974) Issledovaniya v oblasti slavyanskikh drevnostei [Research in the Field of Slavic Antiquities]. Moscow: Nauka. In Russian.
Khekel I. (2001) Pochitanie dukhov i dual’naya sistema u ugrov (k probleme evraziiskogo totemizma) [Veneration of Spirits and the Dual System Among the Ugrians (On the Problem of Eurasian Totemism)]. Tomsk: Izdatel’stvo Tomskogo universiteta. In Russian.
Kulemzin V. M. (1984) Chelovek i priroda v verovaniyakh khantov [Man and Nature in the Beliefs of the Khanty]. Tomsk: Izdatel’stvo Tomskogo universiteta. In Russian.
Kulemzin V. M., Lukina N. V. (1977) Vasyugansko-vakhovskie khanty v kontse XIX — nachale XX v. Etnograficheskie ocherki [VasyuganskVakhov Khanty in the Late Nineteenth — Early Twentieth Century: Ethnographic Essays]. Tomsk: Izdatel’stvo Tomskogo universiteta. In Russian.
Kulemzin V. M., Lukina N. V. (1992) Znakom’tes’: khanty [Meet the Khanty]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. In Russian.
Kulemzin V. M., Lukina N. V., Moldanov T. A., Moldanova T. A. (2000) Mifologiya khantov [Mythology of the Khanty]. Tomsk: Izdatel’stvo Tomskogo universiteta. In Russian.
Lapina M. A. (1998) Etika etiket khantov [Ethics of Khanty Etiquette]. Tomsk: Izdatel’stvo Tomskogo universiteta. In Russian.
Lapina M. A. (2014) Nakazaniya v fol’klore khantov [Punishments in Khanty Folklore]. In: Finno-ugorskie yazyki i kul’tury v sotsiokul’turnom landshafte Rossii [Finno-Ugric Languages and Cultures in the Socio-Cultural Landscape of Russia]: Mater. of the V All-Russian Conf. of Finno-Ugric Scholars (Petrozavodsk, June 25–28, 2014). Petrozavodsk: Karel’skii NTs RAN. Pp. 274–279. In Russian.
Lindquist G. (2006) Conjuring Hope: Healing and Magic in Contemporary Russia. York; Oxford: Berghahn Books. In English.
Lukina N. V. (1995) Istoriya izucheniya verovanii i obryadov [History of the Study of Beliefs and Rituals]. In: Istoriya i kul’tura khantov [History and Culture of the Khanty]. Tomsk: Izdatel’stvo Tomskogo universiteta. Pp. 45–64. In Russian.
Moldanov T. A. (1993) O sverkh’estestvennykh sushchestvakh v verovaniyakh kazymskikh khantov [About Supernatural Beings in the Beliefs of the Kazym Khanty]. In: Kul’turno-geneticheskie protsessy v Zapadnoi Sibiri [Cultural and Genetic Processes in Western Siberia]. Tomsk: TGU. P. 167. In Russian.
Moldanov T., Moldanova T. (2000) Bogi zemli Kazymskoi [Gods of the Kazym Land]. Tomsk: Izdatel’stvo Tomskogo universiteta. In Russian.
Moldanova T. A. (2018) Istoriko-kul’turnoe nasledie obsko-ugorskikh narodov [The Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Ob-Ugric Peoples]. Khanty-Mansiysk. In Russian.
Sagalaev A. M. (1991) Uralo-altaiskaya mifologiya. Simvol i arkhetip [Ural-Altai Mythology. Symbol and Archetype]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. In Russian.
Shmidt E. (1989) Traditsionnoe mirovozzrenie severnykh obskikh ugrov po materialam kul’ta medvedya [The Traditional Worldview of the Northern Ob Ugrians Based on the Materials of the Bear Cult]. Abstract of the PhD dis. Leningrad. In Russian.
Sokolova Z. P. (1971) Perezhitki religioznykh verovanii u obskikh ugrov [Remnants of Religious Beliefs Among the Ob Ugrians]. In: Religioznye predstavleniya i obryady narodov Sibiri v XIX — nachale XX veka [Religious Beliefs and Rituals of the Peoples of Siberia in the Nineteenth — Early Twentieth Century]. Leningrad: Nauka. Pp. 211– 238. In Russian.
Steinitz W. (1975) Ostjakische Volksdichtung und Erzählungen aus zwei Dialekten [Ostyak Folk Poetry and Stories from Two Dialects]. In: Bd. IV: Totemismus bei den Ostjaken in Sibirien [Vol. IV: Totemism Among the Ostyaks in Siberia]. Berlin: De Gruyter. Pp. 92–107. In German.
Tajfel H. (1974) Social Identity and Intergroup Behavior. Social Science Information. 1974. Vol. 13. Iss. 2. Pp. 65–93. URL: https://web.archive.org/ web/20120106002030/http://ssi.sagepub.com/ content/13/2/65.full.pdf (accessed: 23.04.2022). In English.
Vértes E. (1988) Sibirische Einflüsse in der Glaubenswelt unserer Sprachverwandten in Sibirien [Siberian Influences in the World of Faith of Our Linguistic Relatives in Siberia]. In: Specimina sibirica. Vol. I. Pecs. Pp. 235–241. In German
Moldanov T. A., Grinevich A. A. (2023) Kommunikativnye aspekty vzaimodeistviya s lesnymi dukhami-bozhestvami v mifologicheskikh predstavleniyakh severnykh khantov [Communicative Aspects of Interaction with Forest Spirit-Deities in the Mythological Understanding of the Northern Khanty]. Traditsionnaya kul’tura. 2023. Vol. 24. No. 1. Pp. 53–65. In Russian.